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Using your VHF marine radio
    VHF radio
 
Y OU PROBABLY WANT TO GO CRUISING to get away from phone calls, faxes,
and e-mail, but in an emergency, a communication link can be vital. For coastal sailing, a cellular phone may be your best communication device - if it has the range to connect you with the shore - but the most common form of communication on the water is through VHF radios.

VHF (Very High Frequency) radios...are simply two-way radios. With a VHF radio, you can get in touch with marine rescue, talk to friends on other boats, listen to

 

marine weather reports, and talk to marinas and resorts. The radio's range depends on the power of the unit, the height of the antenna and location of the repeater station.

Marine repeaters are community owned and for all to use. They are maintained by volunteer marine rescue organisations along the Queensland coastline...When you charter a bareboat you are given special dispensation by the Australian Communications Authority for limited use of a VHF radio for communication.


VHF is line of sight
 

Line of sight radio waveThe VHF radio on each bareboat provides you with a high level of safety. Although VHF is line of sight and restricted to a range of about 80 km (50 miles), it is possible to navigate the whole of the Queensland Coast and stay in contact with radio stations by means of repeater stations at 80 kilometre intervals. As each repeater is battery powered they are equipped with automatic cut-outs which limit the time any one party can talk ...this conserves valuable battery power.

The radio is routinely powered from your boats house batteries - however, if this battery should fail (for any reason) most bareboats are provided with an emergency 'back-up' battery you can switch to.

Your VHF radio transceiver has a number of working channels and each bareboat has its own unique 7 digit call sign...this number is often recorded on (or near) your radio... alternatively it will be given to you when you do your boat brief.

You only use this VHF radio under the rules, regulations and guidelines set by the Radio Communications Act and the Commonwealth Navigation Act...this means you are required to operate the radio to comply with standard operating procedures.


Operation of your VHF
 

To use your VHF radio first check that the 'radio' switch is on at the switchboard -


  1. Turn the combined volume/on/off switch on the radio to 'on' with some volume.
  2. Adjust the 'squelch' knob to stop any hissing noise...but do not over-adjust.
  3. Turn to the correct channel...this can be by knob, or press button.
  4. Press the PTT switch on your microphone quickly once and listen for the 'echo' to check your signal is getting out...Wait until the channel is clear of traffic. Depress handset button to talk.
  5. Release handset button to listen

The repeater stations are powered by solar power and stop transmitting after 30 seconds. If you have longer transmissions to make simply release the microphone key briefly before continuing.


VHF seaphone operation
 

A further feature of VHF radio (but only if your boat is connected into the system) is the ability to hook into the normal Telecom network, enabling the caller to conduct a telephone conversation with any telephone number in the world... This feature which is known as QTC Seaphone can be used by calling 'Telstra Seaphone' and having the operator obtain the required number.


  1. Set your radio to channel 28 or 86
  2. Listen to ensure that the channel is free (you will hear one side of any conversation)
  3. Press the PTT switch on your microphone and call 'Telstra Seaphone' 3 times giving the name of your vessel three times:
    "Telstra Seaphone, Telstra Seaphone, Telstra Seaphone, this is Magic, Magic, Magic on channel 28 over"
  4. Telstra Seaphone will then respond and ask you for the call sign of your vessel. (You will be given this number at your boat brief.)
  5. To return to normal operation just press the number of the channel you have selected to maintain as your 'stand-by' channel.

If you use a Seaphone facility while you are on charter you are required to log the call and notify the 'de-briefer' on your return - these calls are chargeable to you as the charterer.


Radio transmitting
 

It is useful to listen to other craft and learn the language of radio transmitting. Some of the abbreviations will sound strange at first, but they are all simple and effective. Some of the most common expressions you will hear used are:


Radio talk

'Yes' or 'No' - May be used to indicate if the message is received and understood

'Over' - Over to you to transmit

'Stand by' - I will resume transmitting in a few minutes

'Out' - My transmission is concluded (end of conversation)


To make transmissions easier to understand under poor conditions, each letter of the alphabet has a code word... Use this code, if you are having trouble getting through and need to spell out the message. It is not hard to learn -

The Phonetic Alphabet for use on the Marine Radio
When it is necessary to spell words, the following phonetic pronunciation is recommended. The syllables to be emphasised are in bold.
A Alpha AL fah N November no VEM ber
B Bravo BRAH vo O Oscar OS cah
C Charlie CHAR lee P Papa pah PAH
D Delta DELL tah Q Quebec keh BECK
E Echo ECK oh R Romeo ROW me oh
F Foxtrot FOKS trot S Sierra see AIR rah
G Golf GOLF T Tango TANG go
H Hotel ho TELL U Uniform YOU nee form
I India IN dee ah V Victor VIK tah
J Juliet JEW lee ett W Whiskey WISS key
K Kilo KEY loh X X-ray ECKS ray
L Lima LEE mah Y Yankee YANG key
M Mike MIKE Z Zulu ZOO loo

If your boat's name was 'Magic', this is how you would call under bad conditions:

"Radio base, Radio base...This is Magic, Magic, I spell...Mike, Alpha, Golf, India, Charlie...over"


Radio procedure
 

While it is not the purpose of these web pages to teach you to be a radio operator, here is a sample of a typical call you would make to Radio Base (name of your Charter Company) on the twice daily schedule:

Always state the called station two or three times before your vessel's name.

"Radio base, Radio base, Radio base...this is Magic, Magic on channel 80, over"

The answer should come back,

"Magic, Magic, Magic...this is Radio base, Radio base, go ahead please"

If you do not hear an immediate reply, repeat you call once or twice, then wait 5 to 10 minutes before calling again. Your charter operator sometimes scans different frequencies, and their radio could have been locked momentarily into another channel at the time you call.

Use the word 'over' at the end of the message to indicate to the other party that you have ceased transmitting.

Do not say 'over and out' at the end of your communication... Simply say 'listening out'. It's good practice not to turn your radio off immediately after use in case another station is trying to contact you.

If you are unable to contact your Radio base you can ask any other charter base or vessel to pass a message.

In the event of total radio failure, visit any other vessel anchored close by, their VHF radio will have the same frequencies as you...ask them to contact your charter operator on your behalf.


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